A ranar 26 ga watan Yuli, 2023, ƙasar Nijar ta shiga sabon babi a tarihin siyasar ta bayan da sojoji suka yi juyin mulki suka hambarar da tsohon Shugaba Mohamed Bazoum. Wannan juyin mulki ya zo da sauye-sauye masu yawa, tare da jefa ƙasar cikin sabbin ƙalubale da dama.
Matakin Sojoji da Sabon Mulki
Bayan kwace mulki, Shugaban rundunar tsaro, Janar Abdourahmane Tchiani, ya ayyana kansa a matsayin Shugaban rikon kwarya na ƙasar. Ya kafa Kwamitin Tsaron Ƙasa (CNSP) wanda ke tafiyar da al’amuran mulki. Sabon gwamnatin mulkin soja ta soke doka da ka’idojin da tsohuwar gwamnati ta tsara, tare da dakatar da ayyukan majalisar dokoki.
Sabuwar gwamnati ta bayyana cewa sun yi juyin mulki domin kare Nijar daga waje-wajen tasiri na ƙasashen yamma, tare da yin zargin cewa mulkin Bazoum yana da rauni wajen magance matsalolin tsaro.
Martanin Ƙasashen Waje
Bayan juyin mulki, ƙasashe irin su Faransa, Amurka, da Tarayyar Turai sun yi tir da wannan abu, suna mai cewa ya saba da dokokin dimokuraɗiyya. Ƙungiyar ECOWAS ta saka wa Nijar takunkumi mai tsauri, ciki har da:
- Rufe iyakoki da Nijar
- Dakatar da kasuwanci da kasashen yammacin Afirka
- Dakatad da kuɗaɗen tallafi da Nijar ke karɓa daga ƙasashen waje
A gefe guda kuma, wasu ƙasashen Afirka irin su Burkina Faso da Mali, waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin mulkin soja, sun goyi bayan sabuwar gwamnatin Nijar, suna masu cewa sojoji sun kawo ceto daga shirin mulkin mallaka na yammacin duniya.
Korafe-Korafen Jama’a
A cikin watan Agusta da Satumba 2023, an ga tarukan jama’a suna nuna goyon baya ga gwamnatin soja, musamman a babban birnin Niamey. Wasu mutane suna ganin cewa sojoji sun fi iya magance matsalolin tsaro da ake fama da su. Sai dai a gefe guda, wasu sun fusata da yadda rayuwa ta ƙara wahala sakamakon takunkumin ECOWAS, wanda ya haddasa:
- Tashin farashin abinci da makamashi
- Rufe iyakoki, wanda ya hana kayan masarufi shigowa
- Rage ayyukan gwamnati, wanda ya haddasa matsalar tattalin arziƙi
Akwai rahotanni cewa mutane a wasu yankunan Nijar sun fara shan wahalar yunwa, musamman a arewaci da ke fama da fari.
Yadda Tsaro Ke Tafiya
Tun bayan juyin mulki, rikicin Boko Haram da ‘yan bindiga a yankunan Diffa, Maradi da Tillabéri bai ragu ba. Sai dai sojojin Nijar sun ɗauki sabbin matakan tsaro, ciki har da ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwa da sojojin Rasha da kuma na ƙasashen da ke kusa irin su Mali da Burkina Faso.
An kuma kori dakarun Faransa daga Nijar, wanda ke nufin sojojin ƙasar za su yi aikin tabbatar da tsaro ba tare da tasirin waje ba. Wannan mataki ya ƙara harzuka ƙasashen Turai, amma gwamnatin Nijar ta ce wannan yunkuri ne na kare ‘yancin kai da martabar ƙasa.
Sabuwar Dangantaka da Kasashen Duniya
Bayan juyin mulki, gwamnatin Nijar ta canja salo, ta nesanta kanta da Faransa da Amurka, ta kuma kusanci Rasha da China. A cikin watan Janairu 2024, sojojin Nijar sun kulla sabbin yarjejeniyoyi da Rasha kan horar da sojoji da samar da makamai.
A gefe guda, Nijar ta ƙulla sabbin yarjejeniyoyi da ƙungiyar BRICS (Brazil, Rasha, India, China, da Afrika ta Kudu) domin samun ci gaban tattalin arziki.
Shin Jamhuriyar Nijar Za Ta Tsira?
A yanzu haka, mulkin sojoji a Nijar yana fuskantar ƙalubale daga ciki da wajen ƙasa. Wasu suna ganin cewa idan ba a samar da mafita cikin gaggawa ba, matsin lamba na iya haifar da sabon rikici.
Ko da yake gwamnati na kokarin daidaita al’amura, har yanzu akwai ƙalubalen tsaro, tattalin arziki da tasirin siyasar ƙasashen duniya da ke iya shafar makomar Nijar.
A ƙarshe, tambayar da jama’a ke yi ita ce: Shin Nijar za ta tsira daga wannan yanayi ko kuwa za a sake samun wata juyin mulki a gaba?
Me kake tunani? Ka bar mana ra’ayinka a sashin sharhi!
